Camera



w. s. SMITH` AND as. WILLIAMS. Y CAMERA.

4 lllllllllllllllllll 2. 1920. 1,4 1 9J 323 Patented June '13, 1922.

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W. S. 'SMITH ANDF. S. WILLIAMS. CAMERA.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2. 1920.

Patented June 13,1922. A

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F5. MZZMMJ ffjdzaijfflz 2% W. S. SIVIIIH AND F. S. WILLIAMS` i .CAA/IEM.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 2. |920.

1,419,323. PatentedJunels, 1922.

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WILLIAM SAUL SMITH, or BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, AND FREDERIC s. WILLIAMS, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CAMERA..

Specication of Letters Patent.

lettented J une 13, 1922.

Application led February 2, 1920. I Serial No. 355,745.

To aiZZ whom. it may concern:

Be it known that we, YWILLIAM SAUL SMITH and FREDERIC S. WILLIAMS, citizens of the United States, residing, relsxp'ectively, at the'city of Baltimore, State of p aryland, and at the city of Philadelphia, Sta-te of Pennsylvania, have jointly invented a cer-.

- when thenshutter has been openedv to make an exposure and then closed,A the shutter cannot be re-opened until movement of a new film-section into position, duplication or doubling of exposures on the same filinsection being thereby uarded against; to provide the camera wit the film-roll against movement until released by the mechanism which releases and ,unlocks the shutter as the film is used; and to provide the camera, in connection with the locking of the shutter closed after each exposure until the film is rolled, with an automatic signalling device for indicating to the user whether or not the film has been rolled and the camera ready for anew ors'econd exposure.v c

Wvith-the above and other objects in view,

our invention resides 'in the novel features of form,. construction, arrangement, and

combinations of parts hereinafter described and afterwards ,pointed out in the claims.

In'the accompanying. drawings.

Figure l is a perspective vlew of a camera equipped with and embodying our invena rear view of the camera with removed showing ay portion of our invention in its relation to the film winding-mechanism;

Figure Li is a detail view, showing a portion of our invention which is identified or associated with the shutter-mechanism of means for locking` u Figure 3 1s a sectlonal view of the camera,

Figure 7 is a. front` elevational view of t-he shutter casing and lens of the camera;

Flgure 8 is an elevational view of the shutter operating mechanism of the camera;

Figure 9 is a similar-view, partly broken away, showing the parts in a different or changed position;

Figure l0 is a detail view of the dismantied parts of a portion of the shutter mechamsm; and

Figure 11 is a detail view of the dismantled parts of the friction mechanism identiassociated with the film unwinding spool.

Referring now more in detail to the said 'drawings which illustrate a practical embodiment of our invention and inr which like' reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views, we have shown a camera of a well-known bellows. make to which we have applied our invention, but it is obvious that vour invention/is equally applicable to other makes of cameras, with bsuch changes as would be made by a skilledmechanic. ln the particular l indicates the box-portion thereof, 2 the bellows, and 3 the shutter housing or casing. rllhe back 4 of the box-portion is removable, as usual, and the lilmfspools, empty and full,

camera' shown,

are arranged in position as usual. 'Indeedter. This trigger mechanism consists of a tripping-dog having an outwardly-extendlng handle which may be manipulated, they dog being connected t0 and conjointly operable with a member 6 in the form of a bellcrank, lever, one end of which lies in the path of a plunger 7 operated by bulb or and-bperated plunger 8LA arranged at the end of the flexible tube. 9. u The inner end of the member 6 is provided with a beveled portion 6a, which co-operates with a bent cam-faced, or beveled end l0EL of a shutter operating lever lO.` When the lever 5 is deressed manually, or the plunger 7 is moved inwardly, the member 6 will be operated, whereby'the beveled end 6 lying under the end 10 of lever 1() will operate the lever 10l and, by virtue of the divergent arcs of movement of these parts, beveled end 6 will slip from under and eventually be located above the end 10L of lever 10, whereupon, by means of a spring 11, the lever 1() will be restored to its normal position, and when the member 6 is released, it likewise, by virtue of a spring 6b will be returned to its position. In returning to its position, the member 6 will have its beveled end 6L pass under lthe beveled end 10l in readiness for another op eration. This is the normal operation ot such parts of the shutter mechanism with which our invention has to do, and it may be Well to state that we make no claim to any of the shutter mechanism just described.

It is obvious from the above description that if the member 6 is prevented from re turning to its home or numeral position, that is to say, to such a position in which its end 6l can operate the end 10, of the shutter actuating lever 10 the shutter is disabled and cannot again be operated until the parts are restored home and also any movement or operation of the lever 5 or of the plunger 7 willl be idle though simply vibrating the member 6 Without operating the lever 10.

12 is an indicator arranged on the outer end of the lever 5 and which in the operative or normal position of the member 6 points to a Word, such as unexposed, on the plate attached to the shutter casing, to indicate that the shutter is capable of being operated. This indicating hand, when the member 6 is disabled and is not in its home or normal position, points to a word such as exposed on the shutter casing. The purpose of this indicating hand and its indication to the words unexposed and exposedf or similar terms, symbols, or signs, is obvious.

The means for preventing the return of the member 6 to its home or normal position after the shutter has been operated by said member 6 consists of a pin 13 mounted in the shutter housing and normally held rearwardly by a spring 14 (see Figure 4), so that the head 13*1 of the `pin lies in the path of the tail portion of the member 6. When the member 6 is home, the head oi the pin rests upon the tail portion thereof, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 4. This pin and its operating parts, which we are about to describe, are the added attachments to the camera which are not present on the commercial camera.

The rear end of the pin 13 extends into a housing or tube 15 secured to the front bellows plate and lies in the path of movement of a lever 16 mounted within said 'tube or casing, the lower end of said lever being connected to a cable, string or other flexible member 17 which passes over an idle roller 18 mounted in thel lower end of the tube.

In order to make the cable or string resiliently fiexible, we arrange a coil spring 19 thereon and secure both ends of the Spring to the string 17 and between these secured ends provide a slack in the cable or string. By this construction, a yielding pull is exerted on the lever 16 until the slack in the cable, or string is taken up whereupon a straight pull is exerted on said lever. The pull on the lower end of the lever 16 by the cable or string, or through the initial instrumentality of the spring 19, will move the head of pin 13 forwardly out of the path of thc member 6, permitting said lever 6 to return home in readiness for another operation.

As is well known, in the construction and operation of cameras of the kind we have selected with which to illustrate our invention, the empty or winding spool is arranged at one the so-called upper end of the camera and so positioned that its slotted end will cooperate with the winged end oi the winding stem'. The full or feeding spool of film is arranged in the lower chamber or compartment and its slotted end, when in position, is diagonally o iposite. the slotted end of the winding spoo 1n the upper comparti ment.

Ordinarily there are two button-headed pintles for the full spool which are withdrawn to enable the full spool to be placed in position after which they are pushed inwardly, so that their pintles constitute trunnionson which the full spool is spent or unwound. In our construction, we change the construction of one of these buttonknob 22 on its projecting outer end, on which is loosely mounted a button head 23. Disposed upon the shank 20 with its opposite ends projecting for longitudinal movement through the opposite recessed side walls of said casing, as seen in Figures 5 and 6, is a sleeve 24, the inner end of which bears upon a spring 25 interposed therebetween and the wings 21. Spring 25 operates to maintain the wings 21 in their normal position, illustrated in Figure 5. When in this position, the wings 21 occupy the slot in the end of the spool X carrying the unexposed film. The depth of the spool-slot is greater than the width of the wings 21, so that the wings 21 move inwardly into the spool-slot when camera, the spool is sufficiently rotated to bring its slot in line with the wings 21, when under the force of spring 25, the wings 21 will be yieldingly moved inwardly and into the spool-slot. The sleeve 24 has a-star wheel 26 conjoined thereto and movable therewith. lThis star wheel carries a friction disk or clutch 27, which may be riveted thereto, said disk or clutch being slotted, for obvious rea- 1 sons, and Whose friction plates bear against be stated here that shank cross-section and that the opening in sleeve` va rotatable member or pulley 28 lonsely mounted on the sleeve 24 and'around which i the cable 17 is designed to be wound. 'It may 20 is square in 24, through which the shank passes, is of corresponding section, so that, while shank 2() and sleeve 24 are in rotative engagement and will move rotatively together, the shank 20 and sleeve 24 are independently movable longitudinally.

29 indicates a pin secured to the housing vor side Wall of thecamera, which pin cooperates with. the teeth of the star Wheel. This'pin constitutes a lock for the feeding or spending spool when it is in engagement with the star Wheel, but when the star Wheel is pushed inwardly, as shown in Figure 6, where it is out-of engagementwith the pin, the feeding or spending spool may be unwound. v

. The operation of our device is as follows: Assuming that the camier-a contains `an empty or winding spool Y in its upper compartment (Figure 3) upon' which the protective black paper of the feeding spool has been started and the camera is in condition for operation, the back being on the box,-the bellows preferably extended, the focal distance determined,'etc., and the film is in position for the first exposure; the operator` now presses the button 8 or manipulates the lever 5 and makes the exposure in the usual and ordinary way. When the member 6^ is vi- -brated, the head 131 of theI pin 13 moves rearwardlylin its path or trips behind the tail portion thereof, lso that when the member 6 moves toward its home position, it is arrested at such a point in its movement that itsbeveledend,l 6a has not passed under the tail portion l0g1 of the shutter operating lever 10; hence, while the member 6 can be vib brated by either the manipulation of lever 5 or the operation of the plunger 7, such vibrationwill be idle and the shutter cannot again be opened, because of the presence of the head of the pin 13 in the returning-path of member 6. The operator is thereupon lforced to manipulate some moving part of the camera to move the head of the pin 13 out of the returning path of the member 6, and 'in the present illustration, this is done by winding the spool Y to displace the exposed surface of the film by an unexposed surface. In order t0 do this, the .operator normally presses the button head 23 inward-- ly, whereupon, under the pressure exerted .upon buttonhead 23,.the sleevef24 and its conjoined star-Wheel 26 Imove inwardly against the tension of spring 25 upon shank 2O and the star-wheel thus disengaged from its locking pin 29, thereby permitting the feeding spool orthe bottom spool X containing the unexposed portion of the film to be unwound by the operation of the operator turning the winding handle in"winding up the exposed portion of the iilm on the Winding spool Y. By the inward movement of the button head 23, and the consequent inward movement of sleeve 24 and its carried star-wheel 26 and friction-disk 27, not only is the star wheel unlocked, as described, but the friction-disk 27 is also carried inwardlyl into driving or clutching engagement with thel pulley 28, which pulley 28 is thereby forced', by virtue of the construction shown, to frictionally rotate with the film-supplying or feeding spool. yThis places a tension on the cord 17 and, through the yielding connection in the form of the spring 19, the lever 16 is operated to move the pin 13 forwardly to place its head in advance of the tail portion, and out of the returning path, of the member 6, thereby permitting the member 6 to return home and enabling or vplacing in readiness the shutter-opening mechanism for another operation.

Under the manual pressure of the operatorI upon button 23, the sleeve 24 will be maintained in such described inward position, with the star-wheel 26 unlocked and the friction-disk 27 engaging the pulley 28.

On manual pressure upon the button 23, being releasedfthe pin 13 by its spring 14 and the parts 24, 26, and 27 by the spring 25 will be returned or restored to normal position, friction on' ulley 28 through the disk 27 being removedD and thewheel 26 locked against rotation by the pin 29.

Thus in a most efiicient, but simple and convenient manner, the movements of the shutter and film-roll are largely correlated, the shutter-opening mechanism, on each eX- posure, being disabled to open the shutter until movement of a new section of ilmto exposure-position hasbeen initiated, Wherey We positively-guard against the duplication or doubling of exposures on the same section of film.A It will be noted also that the film-roll is locked against movement un til released by depression of the button 23,

which forms part of the mechanism for releasing and unlocking lthe shutter as the film is used or rolled. By our invention also,

and as will now be evident, the user or oper- Having thus described oul invention, what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on vthe same film-section, film-windlng-mechanism, means for locking the film-winding mechanism' against'operation, and means for releasing the film-winding mechanism and operatively connecting the disabling-means and the film-winding mechanism, whereby, on operation of the film-winding mechanism, the disabling-means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism.

2. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against-duplication of exposures on the same film-section, film-winding mechanism, means for locking the filinwinding mechanism againstoperation, and means including a mampulative device under` control of the operator for releasing the film-winding mechanism and operatively connecting the disabling-means and the filmwinding mechanism, whereby, on operation of the film-winding mechanism, the d-isabling-means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism.

In a camera, the combination'with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film-section, film-Winding mechanism, means operable by the film-winding mechanism for actuating the disabling-means to again enable the shutter-opening. mechanism, and a lock including a manipulative member under the control of the operator .for the film-.winding mechansm,therelease of the lock being a condition'precedent to operation of the lm-winding mechanism.l

4. In a camera, the combination with Athe shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling saidv mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film-section, a film-spool pintle,

means for locking the pintle against 'rota-V tion, and means for releasing the pintle locking-means and operatively connecting the pintle with the disabling-means, whereby, on rotation of the pintle, the disabling means will be actuated to againl enable the shutter-opening mechanism.

5. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling'said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film-sectlon, a film-spool pintle, a pulley,` a connection between the pulley and disabling-means, means for locking 4the pintle against rotation, a clutch-member on the pintle, and means for releasing the pintle and throwing the clutch into engagement with the pulley, whereby, on rotation ot' the pintle, the disabling-means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechamsm.

G. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism the same including a pivoted lever, of a pin adapted to yieldingly project in the returning path of the lever for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard agaihst duplication of exposures on thel same 4film section, film winding-mechanism, means for actuating said pin relatively to said lever to again enablethe shutter-opening mechanism on actuation 'of the film winding mechanism to present a new film-section for exposure, means for locking the film winding mechanism against actuation, and means for operatively connecting the pin actuating mechanismA 100 with the film winding mechanism on releasev actuation of the locking means.

7. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, the same in'- cluding a pivoted lever, of a pin adapted to 105 yieldingly project in the returning path of the lever for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film section, filmwinding mechanism including a spool-pintle, means for actuating 'said pm relatively to said lever to again enable the shutter-o )ening mechanism on actuation of the lmwinding mechanism to resent a new film section `for exposure, -said means including a pulley loosely mountedl on'the pintle and having operating connection wit the pin, means for locking the film-winding mechanism against actuation, and means for operatively connecting the pulley with the pintle for actuating the pin on release actuation of the locking means.

8.` In,a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, the same in.- cluding'a pivoted lever, `of a pin adapted to 125 yieldingly project in the returning path of the lever for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to ard againstduplication of exposures on t e same film section, filmwinding mechanism including a spool-pintle, v

the operator of thecamera, and means in-` cludin aclutch for operatively connecting y theJ pu ley and pintle together for pin actuation on release actuation of said vmanipulative member. j

9.111 a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure tc guard against .duplication of exposures on Vthe same film-section, a rotatable member having operating 4connection with the disabling-means, a film yspool pintle rotary means operable b the rotation of the pintle and axially mova le to engage the rotatable v member, whereby on rotation of the pintle the disabling-means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism, and means for normally. holding the rotary means out of engagement with the rotatable member.

10., In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, or means for disabling said mechanism on anexposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film-section, a rotatable member having operating connection with the disabling-means, a film spool pintle, rotary means operable by the'rotation of the pintle and axially movableto engage the rotatable member whereby on rotation of the pintle the disabling means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism, means for mal y out of engagement with the rotatable member, and manuallyoperable means for moving the rotary means into operating engagement with the rotatable member.,

11. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-openingl mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposuresl on the same film-section, a'rotatable member having operating connection with the disabling-means for actuating the same, rotary means operable by the rotation of the filmspool, and a .friction member adapted to form an operating connection between the rotary means and the rotatable member.

12. In a camera, the combination vwith the shutter-opening. mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to ard against duplication ofv exposures on t e same film-section, a film-spool pintle, a sleeve rotatable with the pintle, a pulley said means including aA ieldingly holding the rotary means norlooselyv carried on the sleeve and havingl op erating connection with the disabling-means,

and means for frictionally connecting the pulley with the sleeve, whereby, on rotation of the Elm-spool pintle, the disabling means will be actuated to' again enable the shutteropenin mechanism.

13. n a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of means for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on 'the same film-section, a film-spool pintle, a sleeve movable lon 'tudinally on, and rotatable with, the pint e, a pulley loosely mounted on the sleeve, and having operating connection with the disabling means, means for releasably locking the pintle against rotation, and means forreleasing the pintle and operatively connecting the sleeve and pulley, whereby on rotation of the pintle, the dis- ,so l

abling means will be actuated to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism.

14. ln a camera, the combination of lfilmwinding mechanism, a shutter, 'shutter-opening mechanism, a movableimember adapted to render the shutter-opening mechanism operative or inoperative, a pivoted lever for actuating said movable member, and means controlled by the film-winding mechanism `for actuating the lever, said means including a pulley, and a pulling connection between I the pulley andy lever. l v l In a4 camera, .the combination ,of a shutter, a lever lfor actuating said shutter, a pivoted member co-operating with the lever, the member and the lever being pivoted to move in different arcs, whereby the member passes the lever after operation, a movable member adapted to prevent the return of the pivoted member, and means for actuating the movable member to permit return of the pivoted member to its normal or operative position, l'

16. In a. camera, the combination of a shutter, shutter-opening mechanism, a movable member associated therewith and adapted to disable the shutter-opening mechanism, a lever adapted to actuate said member to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism, and means for actuating the lever, said means including a film-spool pintle., a pulley loosely mounted on the pintle, means for operatively connecting the pintle and pulley, and a; cord connected to the lever and to the pulley.

17. In a camera, the combination of a shutter, a lever for operating the shutter, a. pivoted member for actuati the lever, a

movable pin, means for yiel mgly moving thepin into the path-of movement of the member t0 return to its normal or operative position.

18. In a camera, the combination of a shutter, shutter-opening mechanism, means for disabling the shutter-opening mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same film-section, filmwinding mechanism, and means including an elastic member operable onl-v on operation of the film-winding mechanism to actuate the disabling-means to again enable the shutter-opening mechanism.

19. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of a pin for disabling said mechanism on an exposure to guard against duplication of exposures on the same ilm-sect1on, a Hlm-spool pintle, a pulley mounted for rotation on the pintle, pin-operating connections between the pulley and the pin, and means including a clutch for connecting the pulley to the pintle, whereby on actuation of the pintle, the pin will be actuated to again enable the shutteropening mechanism. y

20. In a camera, the combination with the shutter-opening mechanism, of a pin fordisablinrr said mechanism on an exposure to guar( against duplication of exposures on the same llm-sectlon, a film-spool pintle, a pulley mounted for rotation on the pintle, pin-operating connections between the puley and the pin, a clutch for operatively connecting the pulley and the pintle, means including a star wheel on the pintle and a fixed pin on the camera for locking the pintle against rotation, and means includ-A ing a manipulative device under control of the operator for actuating the star wheel out of engagement with the pin and moving the clutch into engagement -with the pulley, whereby on actuation of the pintle, the pin will be actuated to again enable the shutteropening mechanism. V

In testimony whereof, We have signed our naines to this specification.

WILLIAM SAUL' SMITH. FREDERIC S. VV'ILLIAMS. 

